Active-shooter episode
White-extremist shooter
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
By Weiyi
Cai, Troy Griggs, Jason Kao, Juliette Love and Joe
Ward
White extremist ideology
has been linked to some of the deadliest active-shooter episodes in the United
States in recent years, showing the potential for intense violence among
adherents who congregate online to cheer on racist attacks.
The suspect in the
shooting rampage on Saturday at a Walmart store in El Paso
was the latest to promote his ideology with an anti-immigrant manifesto posted minutes before he opened fire,
killing 22 and injuring dozens more.
Active-shooter
episodes with ties to white extremism
Oak
Creek,
Wis. 2012
Isla
Vista,
Calif. 2014
Charleston,
S.C. 2015
Roseburg,
Ore. 2015
6
fatalities
9
9
10
total victims
Parkland,
Fla. 2018
Santa
Fe,
Tex. 2018
Pittsburgh
2018
El
Paso
2019
17
22
fatalities
46
total victims
34
In the document, the
suspect said he supported the actions of another gunman who killed 51 people at
two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, this year. A man who opened fire at a
California synagogue in April expressed similar sentiments, also in an online
manifesto.
Both episodes highlight
the growing international connections among white extremists, as
well as a shift in what drives the uniquely American phenomenon of mass
shootings.
Global connections
A number of deadly white
extremist shootings in the United States have been linked to similar white
extremist attacks overseas. Circles show the number of people killed in all
those shootings, and red circles and lines show connections from later
attackers to the earlier attackers who
influenced them.
El Paso
Killed 22
Both
the El Paso and Poway gunmen praised the Christchurch shooter in manifestos
posted online.
Poway, Calif., synagogue
Killed 1
2019
Christchurch, New Zealand, mosque
Killed 51
Tallahassee, Fla.
Killed 2
Pittsburgh synagogue
Killed 17
2018
The
Christchurch shooter
said
he was inspired by
the
Norway attacker.
Aztec, N.M., high school
Killed 2
2017
These
two shooters
corresponded
directly.
Quebec City mosque
Killed 6
Munich mall
Killed 9
2016
Roseburg, Ore.,
community college
Killed 9
2015
Charleston, S.C., church
Killed 9
Three
killers made statements online supporting the Isla Vista attacker.
2014
Isla Vista, Calif.
Killed 6
Overland Park, Kan.,
Jewish community center
Killed 3
2013
Oak Creek, Wis., Sikh temple
Killed 6
2012
Norway attacks
Killed 77
2011
Since 2011, suspects with
ties to white extremism have carried out at least 17 active-shooter attacks,
according to an analysis of F.B.I. and other data. The agency describes an
active shooter as “an individual actively engaged in killing or attempting to
kill people in a populated area.”
A growing list of attacks
White extremist
assailants have opened fire at schools, at synagogues and at places of
business. All but two of these attacks since 2011 proved fatal, but the El Paso
shooting has been the deadliest so far.
|
Date
|
Location
|
Description
|
Fatalities
|
Injuries
|
|
Aug. 3, 2019
|
El Paso, Tex.
|
The police confirmed that the suspect wrote
an anti-immigrant manifesto saying he supported the gunman who killed 51
people in shootings at two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, in March.
|
22
|
24
|
|
Apr. 27, 2019
|
Poway, Calif.
|
The suspect posted a manifesto that
criticized Jews and referred to the Christchurch shootings.
|
1
|
3
|
|
Nov. 2, 2018
|
Tallahassee, Fla.
|
In YouTube videos, the gunman ranted against
interracial couples, racial diversity and illegal immigration.
|
2
|
5
|
|
Oct. 27, 2018
|
Pittsburgh
|
The suspect posted his hatred on Gab, a
haven for white nationalists, neo-Nazis and other extremists.
|
11
|
6
|
|
Oct. 24, 2018
|
Jeffersontown, Ky.
|
The suspect was charged with hate crimes in
the killing of two black people at a Kroger grocery store. He was seen trying
to enter a black church minutes before moving on to the supermarket.
|
2
|
0
|
|
May 18, 2018
|
Santa Fe, Tex.
|
The suspect’s internet postings included an
image of his coat with a Nazi iron cross.
|
10
|
12
|
|
Feb. 14, 2018
|
Parkland, Fla.
|
The gunman was known to use phrases such as
"white power" and etched swastikas into some of the ammunition
magazines used in the shooting.
|
17
|
17
|
|
Dec. 7, 2017
|
Aztec, N.M.
|
The gunman posted violent and racist rants
to white nationalist websites and corresponded with a gunman who attacked a
mall in Munich.
|
2
|
0
|
|
Nov. 1, 2017
|
Thorton, Colo.
|
Neighbors described the suspect as “verbally
abusive” toward Hispanics.
|
3
|
0
|
|
Sep. 26, 2016
|
Houston, Tex.
|
The suspect was wearing military-style
clothing with Nazi emblems.
|
0
|
9
|
|
Oct. 1, 2015
|
Roseburg, Ore.
|
The gunman's manifesto and online postings
revealed a fixation on mass shootings as well as misogynist and white
supremacist ideologies.
|
9
|
7
|
|
July 23, 2015
|
Lafayette, La.
|
The gunman praised anti-gay and anti-Semitic
figures on messaging boards and social media.
|
2
|
9
|
|
June 17, 2015
|
Charleston, S.C.
|
The gunman killed nine black churchgoers
during a prayer service after posting a racist manifesto.
|
9
|
0
|
|
Nov. 28, 2014
|
Austin, Tex.
|
The Austin police department described the
gunman's links to a radical anti-immigrant Christian group.
|
0
|
0
|
|
May 23, 2014
|
Isla Vista, Calif.
|
The gunman wrote a manifesto describing his
hatred for minorities and interracial couples.
|
6
|
14
|
|
Apr. 13, 2014
|
Overland Park, Kan.
|
The gunman founded the Carolina Knights, a
chapter of the Ku Klux Klan, and used anti-Semitic language in earlier
political campaigns.
|
a3
|
0
|
|
Aug. 5, 2012
|
Oak Creek, Wis.
|
The gunman was a member of several neo-Nazi
music groups, which he promoted on white nationalist websites.
|
6
|
4
|
Sources: F.B.I.; Global Terrorism Database | Note: 2019 data is
preliminary. Not all the deaths were from gunfire. Three of the fatalities in
the 2014 Isla Vista, Calif., massacre were stabbing deaths. One fatality in the
2018 Pittsburgh attack was because of broken glass.
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